Seeding Native Wildflowers

Whether you're starting wildflower seeds in containers or seeding directly into your landscape, a few thoughtful steps can make a big difference in your success rate. Native wildflowers may take time and patience, but the rewards are well worth it.

Germinating in Containers

1. Sow seeds in a sterile, soil-less mix, firmly pressed down in a labeled container.
2. Sprinkle seeds evenly across the level surface of the soil.
3. Cover seeds appropriately:
   • As a general rule, cover seeds to a depth twice their diameter.
   • Very fine seeds should be left on the surface and covered with plastic (like Glad Press & Seal) or placed in a clear plastic bag.
   • You can also use clear plastic lids or a light cover of vermiculite to keep humidity levels high—especially helpful in Alberta’s dry climate.
4. Water carefully: Use warm water in a spray bottle to gently saturate the soil surface and ensure good seed-to-soil contact—without washing your carefully placed seeds into a clump.
5. Keep soil moist but not wet: Spritz the surface as needed if it looks like it’s drying out.
6. Your seedlings may require a cool period to break dormancy. You can place seeded containers in the fridge (monitor for mold and germination), or set them outside in a protected location. The milk jug method is great for longer cold periods.
7. Provide warmth and light: Once germination begins, remove plastic covers to prevent damping off. Transplant once the first true leaves have opened.

Direct Seeding Outdoors

1. Estimate seeding rate: For prairie meadow plantings, aim for 15 to 30 seeds per square foot.
2. Water the site thoroughly a day or two before seeding to ensure good soil moisture and reduce the need for heavy watering after sowing.
3. Mix seed with a medium: Combine your seed 50/50 with potting soil or sand—something that contrasts with the soil at your site to help visualize coverage.
4. Broadcast the mix: Hand-broadcast seed evenly over your prepared site. Use a spice container or shaker for control. For large areas, divide your seed and planting space into sections to ensure even distribution.
5. Ensure good seed-to-soil contact: Press the seed into the soil with your foot or a board. A firm seedbed (with barely visible footprints) helps prevent loss to wind or birds.
6. You may lightly sprinkle peat or vermiculite to retain moisture—but don’t bury the seeds too deeply, especially fine seeds.
7. Water gently: Use a sprinkler to thoroughly moisten the area. If you pre-watered the site, a light mist may be enough to settle the seed.
8. Mulch lightly (optional): A thin layer of leaf litter or grass clippings can help. Avoid wood chips or thick mulch, which may block light or trap too much moisture.